Play as a Framework for Learning - 1803 Words

In this essay I am going to discuss how play is a framework for learning in early childhood education in New Zealand and the role of a teacher in implementing a play based curriculum. I will also be discussing 2 theoretical perspectives in relation to play. Play is an important factor in our children’s lives. Through play children learn many different things in life. ‘Play is seen as a positive impact in children’s learning, and play-based curriculums are advocated as one of the best approaches to children’s learning across the early years’ (Nixon amp; Gould, 2002). Children develop at different paces and a very high proportion of what they learn takes place in the first five to seven years of life. What happens in the home is†¦show more content†¦The act of playing gives them a sense of mastery and competence, which helps them to face the world and cope with it. This is crucial for the development of good self-esteem and for becoming a rounded personality. Play co-ordinates a child’s learning and makes it whole†. I strongly believe in play, I know that play can be a physical thing and can be active as well. Children gain confidence in themselves and self-control. Eliason and Jenkins (1999) stated that play provides children with â€Å"occasions to organise, plan, discover problems, reason, try out solutions and skills, create and explore. Play enables children to formulate ideas and then to test them out† (p. 27). Secondly, the role of a teacher I think is an important role as an observer, â€Å"For early childhood educators and parents alike, ongoing observation of young children plays an important part in helping to identify children’s individual needs, strengths and dispositions. It is a first step to understanding and supporting their development and learning† (Hamer, 1999, p. 9). Observing children is the most crucial thing you can do for a child. I think it is a crucial time to observe and look at what a child is doing. When you observe them, they tend to be doing activities they love and cherish. This is part of exploring. In the study guide it says that when you observe children, you will notice that they spend much of their time in playShow MoreRelatedPlay as a Framework for Learning1813 Words   |  8 Pagesdiscuss how play is a framework for learning in early childhood education in New Zealand and the role of a teacher in implementing a play based curriculum. I will also be discussing 2 theoretical perspectives in relation to play. Play is an important factor in our children’s lives. Through play children learn many different things in life. ‘Play is seen as a positive impact in children’s learning, and play-based curriculums are advocated as one of the best approaches to children’s learning across theRead MoreThe Early Years Learning Framework932 Words   |  4 PagesEarly Years Learning Framework (EYLF) is Australia’s first national curriculum framework for educators working on early education and care settings with children from birth to age 5. It revolves around children and children’s learning. It brings forward the shared values and beliefs and contributes to consistency of practice across different learning settings. The EYLF promotes professional dialogue within and between settings and highlights the crucial role early childhood educators play in establishingRead MoreLegal Status of Early Year Framework for Child Development1038 Words   |  4 PagesLegal stat us of early year framework Developed countries has made early year framework for child development with respect to their needs and some of them has made it mandatory in their countries. For example, early year framework is part of the council of Australian Governments reform agenda and is a major part of the Australian Governments National Quality Framework for early childhood education and care. Similarly, some parts of America have its own early year framework for the child developmentRead MoreThe Foundation Phase Curriculum Completed1318 Words   |  6 PagesThe Foundation Phase Curriculum completed its roll out during the academic year 2011-2012. Making reference to the key messages from the ‘Framework for Children’s Learning for 3 to 7 year-olds in Wales’, what experiences should all children in the Foundation Phase be receiving? The Foundation Phase completed its roll-out during the academic year 2011-2012. However, the Welsh Assembly Government (WAG) constantly observe children via documentation and therefore they adapt the curriculum to best suitRead MoreToward A Model Of Early Childhood Education : Foregrounding, Developing And Connecting Knowledge Through Play Based Learning1036 Words   |  5 Pages This is a critical analysis of ‘Toward a model of early childhood environmental education: foregrounding, developing and connecting knowledge through Play Based Learning† by Amy Mackezie and Susan Edwards (2013). Researchers want to introduce an innovative learning model in the field of education to help teachers and educator incorporate environmental education while playing in preschool (Cutter Edwards, 2013). This article engages pedagogical accents allied with environmental education as wellRead MoreD1/D2 . I Am Going To Focussing On The Foundation Phase776 Words   |  4 PagesD1/D2 I am going to focussing on the foundation phase which is the framework which is used in childcare setting in Wales. This framework was first introduced in September 2006 for all children aged 3-7 years old. In this assignment I will be concentrating on how the foundation phase affects children s play and learning. In will also be focussing on two key issues in relation to the foundation phase. The first body issue is child initiative and adult-led activities. The second key issue is planningRead MoreThe Curriculum And Curriculum For Excellence Essay1326 Words   |  6 Pagesexplore and develop my understanding about three different curriculums to recognise the different influences affecting curriculums. I am going to explore the curriculums of Te WhÄ riki: New Zealand, Belonging, Being and Becoming: The Early Years Learning Framework for Australia and Curriculum for Excellence: Scotland. This will allow me to develop an understanding of other curriculums which I have not heard about to discover other way to education that I have not been taught in teacher’s college. Read MoreTda 3.2 1.1entitlement and Provision for Early Years Education668 Words   |  3 Pagesdifferent from Key Stage 1 as it is based on learning through play rather than a form of formal education. Although TA’s may not always work in the early years department it is important to have an understanding of the early years curriculum and statutory requirements of the Early Years Foundation Stage. Support staff are often requested work with pupils in school nurseries and foundation class as well as working with years 1 and above. A simpler framework for the EYFS was published on 27 March 2012Read MoreUnit 136 Essay1106 Words   |  5 PagesUNIT 136 Support children’s learning and development in the early years 1. Understand the impact of early years curriculum models on the application of theoretical perspectives of children’s care, learning and development. The Early Years Foundation Stage (EYFS) sets the standards for learning, development and care for children from birth to five years and is a mandatory framework for all early years’ providers from 1st September 2012. These standards are set to promote a flying startRead MoreVygotsky s Socio Cultural Theory867 Words   |  4 PagesThe Early Years Learning Framework describes play as a â€Å"context for learning† in which children make sense of their world (DEEWR, 2009, p.9). Play is essential for learning and development as it provides opportunities for children to express themselves creatively, construct new understandings, and develop relationships (Undiyaundeye, 2013). Play supports the student’s developmental domains such as; social, language, and creativity, cognitive, emotional and physical development. The National Quality

Habits and Traits of Luna Moth, Actias luna

Although its colorful and large, this is no butterfly! The luna moth (Actias luna) is a giant silkworm moth, and although common throughout most of its range, its still a thrill to find one. What Do Luna Moths Look Like? The name luna means moon, apparently a reference to the moon-like eyespots on its wings. Theyre sometimes called moon moths, or American moon moths. These night-flying moths are also most active when the moon is high in the sky, so the name is doubly apropos. Luna moths are strongly attracted to lights, so you may see them flying around your porchlight during their breeding season (spring to early summer in the northern part of its range). When the sun rises, they often come to rest nearby, so look for them around your home in the morning. Both male and female luna moths are pale green, with long, curving tails trailing from their hindwings and light eyespots on each wing. Early season broods in the south will be darker in color, with an outer margin marked in deep pink to brown. Later southern broods and all northern broods tend to be paler in color, with an almost yellow outer margin. Males can be differentiated from females by their prominent, feathery antennae. Luna moth caterpillars are lime green with magenta spots and sparse hairs, and a pale stripe running lengthwise just below the spiracles. They reach a length of 2.5 inches (65 mm) in their final instar. How Are Luna Moths Classified? Kingdom - AnimaliaPhylum - ArthropodaClass – InsectaOrder – LepidopteraFamily - SaturniidaeGenus – ActiasSpecies - luna What Do Luna Moths Eat? Luna moth caterpillars feed on the foliage of a variety of host trees and shrubs, including walnut, hickory, sweetgum, persimmon, sumac, and white birch. Adult luna moths live only a few days, just long enough to find a mate and reproduce. Because they dont feed as adults, they lack a proboscis. The Luna Moth Life Cycle The luna moth undergoes complete metamorphosis with four life stages: egg, larva, pupa, and adult. After mating, the female luna moth oviposits on leaves of the host plant. She may produce as many as 200 eggs in total. The eggs hatch in about one week. Luna moth caterpillars feed and molt through five instars in 3-4 weeks. Once its ready to pupate, the caterpillar constructs a simple cocoon of leaves. The pupal stage lasts about 3 weeks in warmer climates. The luna moth will overwinter in this stage in colder regions, usually hidden under the leaf litter near the host tree. The luna moth usually emerges from its cocoon in the morning, and is ready to fly by evening. As adults, luna moths live just one week or less. Interesting Behaviors of Luna Moths Luna moth caterpillars employ several defensive strategies to fend off predators. First, their coloration is cryptic, so they blend in with the foliage on the host tree and make it difficult for predators to see them. Should a bird or other predator approach, they will often rear up and attempt to scare the attacker away. When that doesnt work, the luna moth caterpillar may snap its mandibles to make a clicking sound, thought to be a warning of whats coming – vomit. Luna moth caterpillars will regurgitate a foul-tasting liquid to convince potential predators that they are not at all tasty. Adult luna moths find their mates using sex pheromones. The female produces the pheromone to invite males to mate with her. Males will travel considerable distances to locate a receptive female, and mating typically occurs in the hours just after midnight. Where Do Luna Moths Live? Luna moths are found in and near deciduous hardwood forests in eastern North America. Their range extends from Canada south to Texas and Florida. Sources:Â   Actias luna – Luna Moth, Bugguide.net. Accessed online July 21, 2014.Luna Moth, Butterflies and Moths of North America website. Accessed online July 21, 2014.Luna Moth, Actias luna, University of Florida Dept. of Entomology website. Accessed online July 21, 2014.Luna Moth, Clemson University Dept. of Entomology website. Accessed online July 21, 2014.Caterpillars of Eastern North America, by David L. Wagner.

History of Ice Cream

The origins of ice cream can be traced back to at least the 4th century BCE. Early references include the Roman emperor Nero (37-68 CE) who ordered ice to be brought from the mountains and combined with fruit toppings, and King Tang (618-97 CE) of Shang, China who had a method of creating ice and milk concoctions. Ice cream was likely brought from China back to Europe. Over time, recipes for ices, sherbets, and milk ices evolved and served in the fashionable Italian and French royal courts. After the dessert was imported to the United States, it was served by several famous Americans. George Washington and Thomas Jefferson served it to their guests. In 1700, Governor Bladen of Maryland was recorded as having served it to his guests. In 1774, a London caterer named Philip Lenzi announced in a New York newspaper that he would be offering for sale various confections, including ice cream. Dolly Madison served it in 1812. First Ice Cream Parlor in America - Origins of Name The first ice cream parlor in America opened in New York City in 1776. American colonists were the first to use the term ice cream. The name came from the phrase iced cream that was similar to iced tea. The name was later abbreviated to ice cream the name we know today. Methods and Technology Whoever invented the method of using ice mixed with salt to lower and control the temperature of ice cream ingredients during its making provided a major breakthrough in ice cream technology. Also important was the invention of the wooden bucket freezer with rotary paddles, which improved the manufacture of ice cream. Augustus Jackson, a confectioner from Philadelphia, created new recipes for making ice cream in 1832. Nancy Johnson and William Young - Hand-Cranked Freezers In 1846, Nancy Johnson patented a hand-cranked freezer that established the basic method of making ice cream still used today. William Young patented the similar Johnson Patent Ice-Cream Freezer in 1848. Jacob Fussell - Commercial Production In 1851, Jacob Fussell in Baltimore established the first large-scale commercial ice cream plant. Alfred Cralle patented an ice cream mold and scooper used to serve on February 2 1897. Mechanical Refrigeration The treat became both distributable and profitable with the introduction of mechanical refrigeration. The ice cream shop or soda fountain has since become an icon of American culture. Continuous Process Freezer Around 1926, the first commercially successful continuous process freezer for ice cream was invented by Clarence Vogt. The Ice Cream Sundae Historians argue over the originator of the ice cream sundae but three historical probabilities are the most popular Ice Cream Cones The walk-away edible cone made its American debut at the 1904 St. Louis Worlds Fair. Soft Ice Cream British chemists discovered a method of doubling the amount of air in ice cream creating soft ice cream. Eskimo Pie The idea for the Eskimo Pie bar was created by Chris Nelson, an ice cream shop owner from Onawa, Iowa. He thought up the idea in the spring of 1920 after he saw a young customer called Douglas Ressenden having difficulty choosing between ordering an ice cream sandwich and a chocolate bar. Nelson created the solution, a chocolate covered ice cream bar. The first Eskimo Pie chocolate covered ice cream bar on a stick was created in 1934.​ Originally Eskimo Pie was called the I-Scream-Bar. Between 1988 and 1991, Eskimo Pie introduced an aspartame-sweetened, chocolate-covered, frozen dairy dessert bar called the Eskimo Pie No Sugar Added Reduced Fat Ice Cream Bar. Haagen-Dazs Reuben Mattus invented Haagen-Dazs in 1960, He chose the name because it sounded Danish. DoveBar The DoveBar was invented by Leo Stefanos. Good Humor Ice Cream Bar In 1920, Harry Burt invented the Good Humor Ice Cream Bar and patented it in 1923. Burt sold his Good Humor bars from a fleet of white trucks equipped with bells and uniformed drivers.

The Literary Works of Phyllis Dorothy James Essay - 870 Words

Phyllis Dorothy James was born August 3, 1920 Oxford, England. James ended up moving to Wales and the moved to Cambridge, England. She was attending Cambridge high school for girls. Her family was not very wealthy and her dad did not believe in education beyond high school for girls. So James went to work for an tax office for three years. Then went and married Ernest Connor Bantry White in 1941. James and Ernest had two children, Claire and Jane. James was in her forties when her first novel, cover her face was published in 1962. She used her personal live and her professional live to write her amazing stories. â€Å"These aided her in both her description of police detective work and her portrayal of characters† (Encyclopedia). James used†¦show more content†¦In this book it also switches the infertility from male to female but never explains its cause: ecological obliteration and divine punishment are painstaking. Children of Men explore the themes of hope and fai th in the face of overwhelming futility and despair. The novel The Children of Men, by P. D. James, describes what happens when society is unable to reproduce, using male infertility to explain this problem. In the novel, it is made clear that hope depends on future generations. James writes, It was reasonable to struggle, to suffer, perhaps even to die, for a more just, a more compassionate society, but not in a world with no future where, all too soon, the very words justice, compassion, society,’ struggle, evil, would be unheard echoes on an empty air. P.D.James says almost mythical Human Project is turned into a metaphor for the possibility of the evolution of the human spirit, the evolution of human understanding. So if youre a hopeful person youll see a lot of hope and if youre a bleak person youll see a complete hopelessness at the end. This book takes place in England in the year of 2021 and no children have been born since 1995, men have become infernal. Xan grew up in Woolcombe and Theo spent every summer there after his father died when he was a young boy. Oxford is where Theo lives. He is a professor at Oxford University. This is place that he meets Julian; it

Essay on Literary Insperation of the Holocaust - 1664 Words

Literary Insperation of the Holocaust Why do the survivors of such a tragic event such as the Holocaust want to remember those horrifying times by writing about memories that most people would only want to forget? I will show, Weisel has talked about, and as others have written, that the victims of the holocaust wrote about their experiences not only to preserve the history of the event, but so that those who were not involved and those who did survive can understand what really happened. They wanted the people of the world to realize how viciously they were treated. On top of wanting us to understand, they also want to understand why this happened. Why did the Lord let this happen? Why did the people of the world stand by and†¦show more content†¦Worse, how can one identify with the executioner? How could a victim say I in the place of his killer? Furthermore, how can one convince himself without feeling guilty that he may use such events for literary purposes? Weisel says that any survivor who has told the story of their experiences in the Holocaust cannot tell the whole story, or people will think that they are crazy. Most novelists of this category, or most writers, seem to have followed the same pattern. Viewing literature as a way to correct their friends, to their families, to their own childhood and to their people (Weisel 8). Some of the victims of the Holocaust realized how important it was to keep a record of the events of the time. Chaim Kaplan wrote in his diary on January 16, 1942, The whole nation is sinking in a sea of horror and cruelty. I do not know whether anyone else is recording these daily events. The conditions of life which surround us are not conducive to such literary labors. Anyone who keeps such a record endangers his life. But it doesnt alarm me. I sense within me the magnitude of this hour and my responsibility to it (Weisel 9). Another entry in Kaplans journal on the date of July 31, 1942, he said, My powers are insufficient to record all that is worthy of being recorded. Most of all I am worried that I may be consuming my strength for naught. Should I too be taken, all my effort will be wasted. My utmost concern is for hiding

Cost Foreign Policy

Question: Discuss about the term for Cost of Foreign Policy. Answer: Introduction In this given assignment, the case study relates to the Barbary Pirates. The situation over here is that the Americans ship has been captured by the pirates, now we are given multiple solutions, and we have to find the cost of each solution. It shows the conversation between U.S. diplomat in London, Adams and U.S. ambassador to France, Jefferson. The conversation relates to the solution each person has offered and the analysis behind them. We have to calculate the cost of not doing anything to the give situation, cost of fighting the war, and cost of negotiation with the Barbary States. We also have to analysis which of them is correct in their assessment of the situation, and form a foreign policy suitable for the Americans. 1. Calculation of cost by Adam: Negotiate with the Barbary state: Option 1 Cost incurred if they negotiate with the Barbary would be: 2000 Pound sterling per state i.e. 2000 * 5 = 10000 Trade will be protected so the cost of protection is: NIL Wage War against Barbary State: Option 2 Option a: If we do not repair our fleet: Cost of Interest: 30000 Cost of Fleet: 450000/10 = 45000 Total Cost: 75000 Pound Sterling Option b: If we repair our fleet: Cost of Interest: 30000 Annual repair expense: 22500 Total Cost: 52500 Pound Sterling Repairing the Fleet is a better option. Do Nothing: Option 3 Cost of trade without Protection: 30000 Pound Sterling Of all the above the best option is to sign Treaty with the Barbary States, and carry on with the trade. 2. Derivation of 22500 Pound Sterling: Number of Guns on the fleet: 150 Number of guns to be kept in the fleet: 150/2 = 75 Maintenance cost of Fleet: 300 Pound Sterling Per gun Total Maintenance Cost: 75 * 300 = 22500 Pound Sterling According to Jefferson the cost of maintenance is much lower than the cost of Building the Fleet at 45000 Pound Sterling; hence it is right to say that the cost of Algerian war is 22500 Pound Sterling. 3. Yes, I agree with Jeffersons logic. It compares the cost of building with the cost of maintenance the fleet. Cost of building a new one is 450000 pound sterling, while cost of building the original fleet would include only the repair cost over the time of fleet to be kept i.e. 10 years, therefore cost of building would be: 150 * 300 * 10 = 450000 Pound Sterling. As per Jefferson we can build a new one immediately if we burned the navy, the cost would be similar of building and repairing. 4. Annual Cost of Fighting the pirate: Cost of operating Expense: $ 500000 Depreciation Cost of Fleet: 45000 Pound Sterling Note: Cost of building a Fleet: 450000 Number of year: 10 Depreciation: Cost of building / number of years 450000 / 10 = 45000 5. As per the letter of Adams to Jefferson, Adam does not agree with the cost of Peace with the 5 states, according to him it will cost two or three thousand per state, while Jefferson believe that it will cost 5 thousand per state. While they agree with the fact that it will cost half a Million sterling pound to fight the Barbary Pirates, without any protection to their trade. Adams has stated the cost of maintaining a Treaty with the 5 states, according to him if we start a war it will cost more than the amount they would be paying under a Treaty of Peace. As per him the cost of war without protection is 30000 Pound Sterling, while the Treaty of Peace will only cost 10000 or 15000 Pound Sterling. Adams believe that cost of war will be 22500 Pound sterling, according to him the cost of fleet, carrying the guns, will be the only relevant cost for the war. The repair cost is better than the cost of building a fleet, hence he considers only that cost to be relevant for the war. As per the above analysis, one should consider the solution for a better policy, for current situation they should maintain a Treaty of Peace with the 5 states, and on the other hand they should maintain their navy over the time, therefore in future they dont have to be in a compromising position. In the meantime there will be protected from pirates. They should also maintain a proper relationship with the British army. 6. Non- Monetary Factors relevant for fighting the Pirate: Trade: If they fight the pirates, their trade would be unprotected from the pirates, which might result in the destruction of market share of the Americans. If the market share of trading is destructed, economically they will be hampered. Death: Fighting will cause an increase in the number of deaths of their soldier, as well as pollution will lead to medical health problem of the people. Destruction of Property: Fighting will cause the destruction of the property. Non Monetary Factors for not fighting the Pirates: Rise in number of Pirates: If the Americans enter into a treaty with the pirates it will lead to more rise in the number of pirates, it will be visible to the people that the navy or army is not strong enough to take the pirates down. This will result in increase in the number of pirates, as more and more people will consider it easy to threat the country. Constant Threat: If Americans dont fight the pirate, there will be a constant threat over their head. They cannot depend on mere Treaty for safety. By fighting the pirates, they can establish their power. Conclusion In this assignment, we were given a case study of Barbary Pirates, and how to handle the situation against them. We were given a number of situation and the cost that would arise in those situations. I have done those calculations, and as per my calculation, following results has been derived: Particular Amount Do Nothing 30000 Fight The Pirates 52500 Sign Treaty of Peace 10000 To conclude, the best way to handle the Barbary Pirate case is by building an army, along with signing a Treaty to protect the trade for the time being. From this assignment, I got to learn different cost, such as relevant, irrelevant cost, interest cost etc.

Event Tourism Organisation for Red Bull

Question: Discuss about theEvent Tourismfor Organisation for Red Bull. Answer: Creating a Successful Market-Oriented Organisation for Red Bull Readings: Red Bull is one of the loyal customer based company that have been using effective branding strategies to establish a strong relationship between the customers and the company. The company considers market-oriented and customer experience design approach within the organization to increase the brand value of the company. The success of the company is due to the specific vision of the company and the maximum dedication of the stakeholders, employees and the higher authorities (Cnossen et al., 2006). After the publication of the market-oriented strategy of Red Bull, the company focuses on the value and the norm development, reconnecting the company with the market in which it operates, hiring efficient employees and develop collaborative strategies for the company. The company has been constantly changing and innovating and thus the individuals with potential skills and knowledge are hired that further enhances the organisational culture, productivity and boost up the target market responses (Lam Gu, 2016). The slogan of the company Red Bull gives you wings, indicates that the external image of the company to help the customers in achieving higher performance and formalising the core experience and culture of the company. The company tries to stay connected with the market and maintain the market-oriented strategy that it follows. The company organises frequent cultural maintenance rituals such as employee screening, recruiting new employees who share the same spirit, sponsor events and athletes, and visit the field with the Red Bull car. It has been opined that the company has created customer experiences and the sponsored activities associated with the brand that has increased every year. References Cnossen, C., Li, Y., Sampath, N., Taylor-Maisano, W., Tsonev, V., (2006). What Gives Red Bull Wings: Creating a Successful Market-Oriented Organization. Lam, J. S. L., Gu, Y. (2016). A market-oriented approach for intermodal network optimisation meeting cost, time and environmental requirements.International Journal of Production Economics,171, 266-274.